ABSTRACT
Fixation is the critical step in processing tissues. Following tissue removal from the body, autolysis begins and proceeds more or less quickly depending on many factors, including the level of enzymes or microorganism present in the tissue. We studied effect of five different types of fixatives. An essential part of all histological and cytological techniques is preservation of cells and tissues as they naturally occur. The aim of the current study is to see the effect of following fixatives namely 10% formalin, Buffered 10% formalin, Bouin’s fluid, Zenker’s fluid, Carnoy’s fluid on liver tissues and to observe the optimum result in a particular fixative in H&E sections. There is no single fixative which can be considered as best fixative for all purposes. Best fixatives for architectural preservation are Carnoy’s fluid and Zenker’s fluid. Best fixative for study of nuclear details is Bouin’s fluid.
ABSTRACT
Background: The mental foramen is one of the two holes (“foramina”) located on the anterior surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels. The mental foramen descends slightly in edentulous individuals. Methods: The present study was carried out in the department of anatomy on 70 Adult North Indian dry Mandibles of unknown age and sex which were obtained from the osteology section of Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research& King Georgemedical university. TheMandibles were observedmacroscopically for the presence ofmental foramen. Results: In our study we observed that the oval shape ofmental foramen was 87.1% on right side and 88.6% on left side. Roundmental foramenwas observed to be 12.9% on the right side and 11.4% on left side. The Position of Mental foramen in relation to borders left side were found Central (87.1%), upper border (7.1%), lower side (5.7%) and right side Central (85.7%) , upper border (10%) and lower side (4.3%). Conclusions: Knowledge of themental foramen and it’s variation in different population is essential for dentists, orthopedicians and anatomists. A future prospect of interest lies in their possible contribution to the maxillofacial anthropologic characteristic identification for different population and races.